Low-dimensional designer quantum materials using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract

Topological quantum matter, where topological concepts are exploited to discover and classify new phases of matter, has emerged as one of the most important topics in condensed-matter physics in recent years. Topological states with exotic properties are robust to local perturbations, which is important for a multitude of applications. The realization of these exotic states is often challenging in naturally occurring materials. This can be overcome using the designer materials approach, where the desired physics emerges from the engineered interactions between different components. 

In this talk, I present the experimental realization and tuneability of topological domain wall modes in one-dimensional artificial lattices constructed using chlorine vacancies in the c(2x2) adsorption layer on Cu(100) crystal with atomic level control using low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The designer approach is also used in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. The combination of ferromagnetic materials and superconductors suggests the possibility of realizing topological superconductivity. I also show a direct synthesis of magnet-superconductor heterostructures with molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) results in the formation of an artificial topological superconductor with one-dimensional Majorana zero modes along the edges of the magnetic islands, which are the key signature of topological superconductivity.

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